Questions Kooistra Autogroep Essay

2. Assess the planning, execution estimation, and motivating force frameworks utilized at Kooistra Autogroep. What changes would you suggest, assuming any? Planning framework: The CEO presented a conventional yearly planning process. The primary objective of this planning framework was to decide the net benefit focuses for the year. The net benefit target is the company’s income short the controllable costs. These objectives were for the company’s offices and should help with decentralization of the organization. The planning procedure was ment to be base up. This implies the chiefs of the divisions could set up the spending plans and the CEO and CFO at that point checked on these financial plans. Most supervisors are unexperienced with planning and the audit of the CFO and CEO would prompt a conversation so the administrators would get increasingly more certain with planning. This would support the decentralization. The vehicle business is an industry, which is extremely reliable on the monetary conditions. So the spending plan made toward the start of the year isn't generally an attainable financial plan. Assessing the spending plan a couple of times each year could change this. The CEO assists here and there when the spending objective most likely won't be made. Be that as it may, the supervisors can't rely upon this. Execution estimation: The new exhibition estimation currently incorporates monetary data as well as nonfinancial data. The exhibition estimation framework is utilized to impart the company’s targets to the faculty. The items that are estimated in the exhibition are the most significant targets. The presentation estimations give the supervisors the data to carry out their responsibility appropriately and it gives input to the top administration about the exhibition of the chiefs. The organization utilizes ‘Balanced Scorecard’ on a week by week premise. The fair scorecard gives key measurements to the manager’s rundown of targets and it gives a sign of the advancement towards spending objective. Other than the fair scorecard the administrators get likewise a month to month report, which is progressively nitty gritty about the company’s tasks. Proposal: the fair scorecard is utilized to quantify the manager’s execution for various variables. These elements are money related and nonfinancial. Be that as it may, it isn't extremely clear what the objectives are. Everyâ dealership must have an arrival of deals of 2% yet there isn't given any further budgetary of nonfinancial execution pointer. Motivator framework: A significant change for the Kooistra Autogroep was the development of the compensation for execution framework. The compensation for execution framework previously existed in the organization however just for a couple of sales reps. Be that as it may, this is restricted and not completely secured for all the sales reps. On account of the previously extracting agreement and dismissing the compensation for execution reward framework few out of every odd sales rep is accounted with pay for execution. This could prompt issue and out of line circumstance. Since when its not working out in a good way for the economy thus with the businesses deals the sales reps with the compensation for execution are represented the less deals. In any case, the sales reps with the typical compensation contract are not represented the less deals. Likewise in ordinary circumstances the sales reps with the compensation for execution framework will attempt to do their best on the grounds that their pay relies upon their exhibition. While for the sales reps with the typical agreements its not as much relied upon their exhibition. For the supervisory crew the compensation for execution accomplishes its work for each part. So it’s more attractive. The supervisors could likewise get a reward decrease when a few rules were not met. Be that as it may, it’s said this would be an extremely abstract choice and it was not so much clear on what measures it depends. This ought to be changed and clarified on what standards or completely erased. Note: It is said that no reward will be paid for underneath or above objective execution, which is weird. Since as an organization u would need to have above objective execution. Further more the compensation for execution framework is a moderately obscure framework in Dutch organizations and the work force of the organization are not so much satisfied with this framework. So it would be point to consider for the organization to present the framework unobtrusively. This should be possible for instance by beginning with a tradional reward framework and close to that additionally a compensation for execution framework. So utilizing the two frameworks for a couple of years and afterward change to just a compensation for execution framework.

Influences on F. Scott Fitzgeralds’ writing in The Great Gatsby Essay

My Life Journey Sandra Reynaga free essay sample

My name is Sandra Reengage Im twenty seven years of age, Im a mother of two exceptional young men that I thoroughly love with all me heart. Im likewise connect with to an awesome individual that means everything to me. Im initially from Los Angels California; my folks are Mexican with the goal that makes me Mexican American. I originate from a major group of nine kin; Im the second individual in my family to head off to college. I will likely turn into a social laborer and accommodate my family, I need my kids to be glad for me and follow my means that would be my fantasy to see my children set off for college and accomplish their goals.I have a brilliant family that bolsters me on all that I do; I was raise on an exceptionally poor side of Los Angels California my folks consistently showed us how to be free and buckle down for our objectives throughout everyday life and never surrender. We will compose a custom article test on My Life Journey: Sandra Reynaga or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when I was youthful my folks gave my kin and I visit talks about the significance of steadiness. What shocked me as a grown-up was the amount they experienced their never surrender message toward us, when we required them the most. What's more, that is a similar genuine model I need for my children to follow.I will presently proceed onward and proceed with an amazing excursion. Im an extremely straightforward lady I state basic since I dont request a lot of just for what I buckle down for and accomplish with my difficult work and exertion. Im as of now an understudy at Fresno City College Im concentrating to turn into a social specialist. During my time without school, I had made It my objective to return to class and addition as much information on my friends and follow my objective. The beginning of school came; I was apprehensive yet with this anxiety came a staggering feeling of energy and interest that was yearning to be explored.College Is tied in with learning in the study hall, yet in addition learning outside the homeroom. The motivation behind why I chose to go to school Is a result of such a significant number of reasons one of them Is for my family I need to have the option to accommodate them. I need a superior future and setting off for college Is a great approach, Its truly important. Additionally my beau aides and supports me with all that he generally gives me incredible help Im so lucky to have him In my life. Since I have Introduced myself and said some portion of my life Journey.I will center and gain from your insight that you will present to us In class. I will likewise attempt to finish this errand by cutoff time and procure passing marks. I realize It wont be a simple fight, however I sure realize that each and every second of me reading for another vocation In my fife would be completely justified, despite all the trouble. With the help, and love that my family gives me and confidence the sky is the limit I see myself as a contender and a survivor, I realize Ill be alright and triumph through this Journey has Just began.My Life Journey: Sandra Reengage By competitor specialist. During my time without school, I had made it my objective to return to of energy and interest that was yearning to be investigated. School isn't just about chosen to go to school is a direct result of such a large number of reasons one of them is for my family I need to have the option to accommodate them. I need a superior future and attending a university is a partner decent approach, its truly applicable. Likewise my sweetheart aides and supports me in my life.Now that I have presented myself and said some portion of my life Journey. I will center and gain from your insight that you will present to us in class. I will likewise try to finish this errand by cutoff time and procure passing marks. I realize it wont be a simple fight, however I sure realize that each and every second of me reading for another vocation in my life would be totally justified, despite all the trouble. With the help, and love that my family gives me and confidence the sky is the limit I see myself as a warrior and a survivor.

Ecnomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Ecnomics - Essay Example This general wonder prompts the meaning of financial aspects as the study of distribution of rare assets. To see all the more plainly, lets comprehend that we have three components of assets that are important to for creation process as portrayed in (Sloman: 2006, p. 4): Human assets: work. The work power is restricted both in number and in aptitudes. Regular assets: land and crude materials. The world’s land territory is restricted, just like its assets. Made assets or capital. Capital comprises of each one of those data sources that have themselves been created in any case. The world has a restricted load of capital: a constrained flexibly of processing plants, machines, transportation and other gear. The efficiency of capital is constrained by the condition of innovation. Henceforth, shortage emerges because of relative boundless human needs in the constrained arrangement of accessible assets to fulfill these needs. At the end of the day, in free market economy shortage hap pens either in light of increment popular or decline in gracefully. Financial matters, manages issues emerges due to ‘scarcity’; dispersion of assets and items among people or social orders, areas or nations of the world. Investorwords (2011) characterizes â€Å"Free showcase system† as a framework wherein, â€Å"Business represented by the laws of gracefully and request, not limited by government obstruction, guideline or subsidy†, or â€Å"a outside trade advertise that isn't constrained by the government†. Otherwise called unadulterated entrepreneur framework; where people are allowed to settle on their interest choices. The choices of purchasers and firms relating to the interest and flexibly of products are transmitted to every single one of them through the impact of these choices on costs. This thus, sets the harmony value level in the economy. Consequently, costs are set by means of free collaboration of interest and flexibly of merchandise and enterprises, in a market where buyers are allowed to settle on their own decisions as per their own pay levels, firms are allowed to gracefully what they conclude as indicated by their own venture. The current world markets are probably going to be known as blended economies where negligible government obstruction to run the financial framework exists with the assistance of organizations. US, nonetheless, is a genuine case of free market framework where government mediation is insignificant and for the most part costs are resolved through market powers of interest and flexibly. Order framework or arranged economy is characterized in investorwoods (2011) as: â€Å"an economy where gracefully and cost are controlled by the administration as opposed to showcase powers. Government organizers choose which products and enterprises are created and how they are circulated. The previous Soviet Union was a case of an order economy†. Order economies are generally unmistakable in pla ces where the nearness of communist or socialist frameworks of economy exists. It is in these financial frameworks that land and capital are all things considered possessed. State is the sole leader. It concludes how to assign assets for the future patterns and furthermore for the current progressing necessities of the monetary framework. The State likewise oversees the age and circulation between clients of yield from every industry and firm. In these halfway arranged economies, the legislature could accomplish high development rates by assigning assets into ventures; and could limit joblessness levels by basically arranging the allotment of work as indicated by the creation levels and work expertise levels,

The Snowman Tradition free essay sample

He was constantly disproportionate. That was inescapable. Be that as it may, we were constantly pleased, regardless. We made him from our own hands, and he never looked half-awful, in the event that I don’t state so myself. Certainly, his eyes swell from his head, and truly, his face was unnaturally round, his nose foolishly pointed, and his arms ridiculously flimsy. He was a cartoon of life, however we wondered about him, our creation. It used to be that each winter, my kin and I would fabricate a snowman in our terrace. Mother would specify in passing that the lawn was looking forceful vacant, after the main enormous snowfall, and we would all really try to understand, toss on our snow apparatus, and race out into the glaring white of another winter. Building a snowman is a fine art. It takes care and persistence. One beginnings by pressing a snowball, and afterward moving it in the new day off. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Snowman Tradition or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Like exploding an inflatable, the ball mystically becomes bigger. My kin and I would race to see who could make theirs the biggest, albeit a periodic snowball battle would breakout to occupy us from our underlying objective. In the long run, a victor was pronounced, and their monster snowball was utilized as our base. After this unique rivalry stage, it was all collaboration. My twin sibling Evan and I would take the next in line snowball, it being the second biggest, and equalization it on the base. The ideal middle. My more seasoned sibling Stephen would pack snow between the spaces, while my sister got water to solidify the recently pressed day off. The procedure was continued utilizing another snowball for the head. Two branches were then roughly pushed into the sides for arms. Rocks from beneath the yard framed a slanted grin, a line of catches, and a couple of fiendish eyes. A carrot for a nose wrapped everything up. At the perfection of these underlying endeavors, we hurled a container of water over our snowman for permanency, giving him a frigid covering that shone in the light. A scarf and gloves acquainted a human touch with our chilly companion. We would remain back, hands on our hips, and wonder about our aggregate endeavors. Hot cocoa back at the house was our last prize. This snowman making process was a custom all through my youth. One winter, be that as it may, we halted; we were excessively old, it was an excess of work, it had lost its allure. Next, sledding was relinquished, and afterward, we quit going out into the snow by any means. We didn’t increase a severe dislike of winter. We were growing up, and all the more altogether, becoming separated. Also, I despised it. So a year ago, I revived the snowman convention. I attempted to select individual constructors, however they were occupied with different interests. So I meandered out into the snow alone, and I constructed the base. I crouched and moved my ever-developing snowball over the patio, leaving a path afterward. I made a middle, and a head. I stuck in the branches, and the stones, and the carrot. I tossed a container of water over my creation, and wore a baseball top on his head. Completed, I removed my gloves, readily offered them to the snowman, and ventured back to appreciate my craftsmanship. It took much longer alone, than it did as a group. My snowman was particularly disproportionate and disgraceful, obviously, I was pleased with him. Mother snapped an image, an enduring token of my endeavors. I love my family, and I have felt that we have consistently been close. My kin and I are comparative in age, and we have grown close bonds with one another. My endeavors to renew the snowman custom reflect who I am: mindful, dedicated, and possibly only a touch nostalgic. I have voiced my interests to my kin about the developing separation among us, and I consistently attempt to unite us back, be it through an excursion to the films, or a periodic game. I just need to recall our winters together and our endeavors during the time to recollect why I need to revive our association. The winter is quick drawing nearer, particularly up here in Connecticut. Maybe you’ll discover a snowman in our lawn this year, after the primary enormous snowfall. I’m certain it will have been made by a larger number of hands than one.

Creative Persuasive Essay Topics - Creative Proposals That Will Have Your Readers Spinning

Creative Persuasive Essay Topics - Creative Proposals That Will Have Your Readers SpinningWhen writing a creative persuasive essay, you want to take some time to think about the format you will use. If you have ever considered doing it yourself, this article will give you some helpful tips on how to create a better paper.In order to write a unique essay, it's important to learn how to come up with unique essay topics. After all, your essay will be used by those who are also looking for more information on a certain topic. So when coming up with your topic, you should look at many different examples and not just the ideas that you can easily find.The point of your paper is to convince the reader to not only read your essay but to actually read it. And the best way to do this is to use a topic that is interesting and unique enough to convince the reader that you have found something worthwhile and worth reading.This doesn't mean that you have to copy someone else's idea, but you should be able to come up with something original for your paper so that you don't have to worry about writer's block. You should also remember that people are reading essays to get more information and not necessarily to get a break from boredom.One tip you can use for your creative persuasive essay is to make sure that the topic you are writing is strong enough to hold the attention of the reader. You can come up with a stronger topic if you think about your topic as something that is going to be a little bit controversial and something that is going to be argued.Sometimes, especially with topics that seem to be controversial, it's better to use a general topic or a topic that can be applied to many different types of subjects. This way, it will be easier to draw the reader in and let them see the real reason behind why they need to read your essay.One last tip for you when it comes to creating a strong topic is to make sure that the topic is going to be focused. This means that you sho uld be able to keep your readers attention long enough so that they don't need to stop reading your topic.This is essential because you need to make sure that your readers are able to get the most out of your informative essay. So the more you can get across in your topic, the better you will do.

Patients Safety Health Information Systems in Pharmacy - 3300 Words

Patients Safety: Health Information Systems in Pharmacy (PowerPoint Presentation Sample) Content: Health Information Systems in PharmacyName:Institutions:Health Information Systems in PharmacyThe entire regions of pharmacy operation have been impacted by environmental aspects requiring enhanced choice support, interaction, and information-processing capacities. These environmental aspects consist of the augmented insist for services, the doctor shortage, the want to increase the efficiency of workers, the need for regionalization and distribution of services amongst the health care amenities, the effort to contain increasing health care expenses, the insist on patient-fulfilling care, and, in universal, the growing intricacy of health care. For instance, Federal Government pharmacies yearly fill above 125 million medicine orders (Goedert, 2009). Fast communication of pharmacy information in hold up of patient demographic data, order record, list or label construction, - medication outlines, prescription reproduction screening, list management, administration recor ds, and drug information is wanted to make certain effectual and inexpensive pharmacy services in this extreme volume setting. Inside the pharmacy, there is the particular call for: * An efficient method through which the pharmacy can observe the patient medicine regimen to notice and put off potential medication challenges like possible Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) that now go mainly unnoticed (Braa, Hanseth et al., 2007) * Relief of the extreme workload weight positioned on pharmacy workers who grounds pharmacists' purposes to be carried out by technicians and medical services to be unavoidable. * Enhanced inventory administration and control.In technology, it is not about the last ten years but the last three years of its enhancement in the health care sector. The rate of shift in regards to technology is tremendous and very recommendable. Businesses procedures have changed, and the nature of the management in business has evolved dues to technology greatly. At the same period, technology has offered channels lines of communication, permitting organizations to communicate and collaborate beyond the borders without a struggle. Incorporation is the future of the business competitiveness because organizations are becoming more innovative. They connect to people better, and overall operate faster in the flattened marketplace of today's global, internet economy (Goedert, 2009). The sector of health has not been left out in the adaptation and implementation of technology in its operation. Many health sectors are embracing technology today to help them in the management of the various departments in the sector. This paper looks to explore the use of health information systems in pharmacies and the part they play in keeping patient's safe, well managed, and satisfied.Literature ReviewAdoption of health information systems is expected to bring a broad choice of advantages to both health caregivers and patients, including enhanced patient care, lesser expenses, augm ented competence and efficiency, enhanced communication and health care provision, and enhancements in reimbursement procedures. On top of that, HIT will offer the framework required to track the efficiency of treatment alternatives and excellence of care. In 2006, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2006) offered an evaluation of the expenses and profits of HIT systems in diverse health care background from a study of 256 types of research testing choice clinical support (CDS), computerized supplier order access (CPOE), and EMR in both hospital and the ambulatory environment. The outcome of this report pointed out that HIT has the prospective to change considerably the provision of health care, creating it to be safer, more efficient, and more professional in a range of environments. It has been anticipated that efficient EHR execution in 90 percent of patient care background could save approximately $82 billion yearly in health care effectiveness and protection by the year 2015, having $77.4 billion put aside by augmented effectiveness, $1 billion from decline of inpatient unfavorable drug measures, and $3.5 billion from lessening of ambulatory ADEs. Considering that lower savings in the "ramping up" years, collective savings from enhanced effectiveness and safety could arrive at $628 billion (AHRQ, 2006).The Institute of Medicine (2008) has accounted that avertable medication mistakes lead to at slightest 1.5 million ADEs and 7,000 losses every year in the U.S. E-prescribing are anticipated to decrease these errors in a range of health care backgrounds. The outcomes of a research of the potential effect of CPOE about prescribing mistakes during a 700-bed educational, medical hospital pointed out that 64.4 percent of the entire verified prescribing mistakes were expected to be prohibited with CPOE, as well as 43 percent of the possibly destructive errors. An additional 22.4 percent were concluded as probably disallowed having CPOE depending on p articular CPOE system features. A Spiro (2008) exposition analysis of 10 reviews in ambulatory and hospital background indicated that CDS and CPOE added to a statistically noteworthy decline in ADEs during 50 percent of the analyzed. Four types of research (40percent) indicated a non-statistically significant decrease in ADE levels, and one analysis established no change. Analysis of "homegrown" arrangements, studies contrasting manual chart evaluation to notice errors, and studies contrasting e-prescribing having handwritten prescribing appeared to demonstrate an advanced comparative risk decrease than other researches. It was wrapped up that few types of research of the impact of CPOE using CDS on the levels of ADEs subsist and that not any of these has been randomized restricted experiments. Further study is required to assess the advantage of commercially established CPOE in the midst of CDS systems on decreasing ADEs (Kushniruk Borycki, 2008).Medication reconciliation is a sig nificant additional procedure that is made easy and optimized by health information in both outpatient and inpatient settings. This procedure of recognizing the most precise inventory of the entire medications the patient is having and utilizing that list to offer accurate prescriptions for patients anyplace inside the health care organization will be more effective and precise when the entire medication data is shared by electronic means in actual time. Medication mistakes connected to medication settlement typically take place when a patient is transferred inside, admitted to or released from a health care setting. From September 2005 to July 2006, the American Pharmacopeia MEDMARX (2006) coverage program got 2,022 statements of medication reconciliation mistakes. Around two-thirds of the mistakes arose from transfer inside the facility; an additional 22 percent took place at patient admittance, and 12 percent happened at the time of release. Grounds of the errors comprised perfor mance shortfall (88%), transcription imprecision (84%), records (83%), communication challenges (82%), and workflow disturbance (80%). The greater part of errors entailed improperly prescribed amount/measure, followed by exclusion mistake and prescribing mistake. The Institute for Healthcare enhancement expected that to the extent of 50% of prescription errors and 20 percent of ADEs in hospitals effect from mishandled prescription reconciliation. Carefully planned and executed ePHRs and EHRs could create prescription reconciliation errors almost absent in the future (Smith, Wertheimer, et al., 2013).Ultimately, an integrated EHR with CPOE would provide anytime, anywhere access to legible patient information with legible physician orders and signature on a real-time basis (Mick, Wood et al. 2007).The availability of real-time information would alert physicians to the patient's medical history, current medications, CDS options, including drugà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬drug and drugà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬allergy alerts, and formulary/ drug benefits plan coverage at the point of care. Other professional services, including pharmacy services, would receive physician orders before patient arrival, with no delays in order communication and interpretation or problems to be solved regarding drug benefits coverage. This would allow pharmacists are providing MTM services to interact more effectively with other providers and ultimately document and measure the benefits of these services within the entire health care continuum (United States Pharmacopeia, 2009).Technology and Patient CareIn the present healthcare arrangement, information technology is the basis for the future. Healthcare transformation is greatest visualized if one compares how it was thirty years in the past and where it is today. The necessity for enhancement was the inducing power behind the development of computers within healthcare. The greater part of the precedent thirty years of technological growth was used on computer progr ams for managerial functions as the last decade has observed as stress during the clinical procedure. Patient care has turned out to be a principal focus of the expansion of novel concepts and awareness in healthcare technology (Mick, Wood et al. 2007). Technological growth in clinical usage is the modern pattern in healthcare, and it will persist to play a major position for years to come.Healthcare information technology started with the computer during the beginning 1970s and did not observe a wide acceptance until personal computers were made accessible at the last part of the decade. Despite the progression of the computer, genuine clinical patient care was by no means a reflection until well after the beginning of the 21st century (Mick, Wood et al. 2007). Cross over from management to clinical usages began with individual sectors that wanted to speed up the procedure to offer better results. Several of the robotic systems started with pharmac...

The German Lyrics for Edelweiss

If youre a fan of the The Sound of Music, then you probably have the words to Edelweiss memorized. But if you only know the song in English, its time to learn how to sing it in  German. Edelweiss is more than just a sweet song from a classic musical. Its also a good  example of how songs are translated into different languages. Though it was written in English for a 1959 American musical set in Austria  that was adapted as a movie in 1965, German lyrics werent written until later. It might surprise you to learn that the translation isnt exact; in fact, its not even close, except in the general sentiment. Before we get into the translation, heres some background on the song. Edelweiss Isnt German or Austrian The first thing you should know about Edelweiss is that its not an Austrian or German song. The only thing German about it is its title and the alpine flower itself. The song was written and composed by two Americans:  Richard Rodgers  (music) and  Oscar Hammerstein II  (lyrics). Hammerstein had a German heritage—his grandfather, Oscar Hammerstein I, was born in what is now Poland to a German-speaking Jewish family—but the song is strictly American. In the film, Captain von Trapp (played by  Christopher Plummer) sings an emotional version of Edelweiss, a resounding, memorable rendition that may have contributed to the false idea that its the Austrian national anthem. The second thing  to know about  Edelweiss is that it, like The Sound of Music, is virtually unknown in Austria. Although Salzburg, Austria, bills itself as The Sound of Music City, customers for The Sound of Music tours include very few Austrians or Germans. Edelweiß der Liedtext (Edelweiss Lyrics) Music by Richard RogersEnglish Lyrics by  Oscar HammersteinDeutsch: UnknownMusical: The Sound of Music Edelweiss is a very simple song no matter which language you choose to sing it in. Its a great way to practice your German with a tune that you probably already know. Both the German and English lyrics are below. Notice how each language uses the songs rhythm and has  the same or nearly the same number of syllables per line. Both sets of lyrics have a romantic feel, not only in the meaning of the words  but also in how they sound. German Lyrics English Lyrics Direct Translation Edelweiß, Edelweiß, Edelweiss, Edelweiss, Edelweiss, Edelweiss Du grà ¼ÃƒÅ¸t mich jeden Morgen, Every morning you greet me You greet me every morning, Sehe ich dich, Small and white, I see you, Freue ich mich, clean and bright I am looking, Und vergess' meine Sorgen. You look happy to meet me. And I forget my worries. Schmà ¼cke das Heimatland, Blossom of snow Decorate the home country, Schà ¶n und weiß, may you bloom and grow, Beautiful and white, Blà ¼hest wie die Sterne. Bloom and grow forever. Flourishing like the stars. Edelweiß, Edelweiß, Edelweiss, Edelweis, Edelweiss, Edelweiss, Ach, ich hab dich so gerne. Bless my homeland forever. Oh, I love you so much. An  Example of How Songs Are Translated In translating songs, how they sound and flow with the music is more important than an exact transliteration of the words. Thats why the German translation is significantly different from  Hammersteins English lyrics. We dont know who wrote the German lyrics for Edelweiss, yet he or she did a good job of retaining the meaning of Hammersteins song. Its interesting to compare all three versions side by side so we can see how musical translations work.

Edward Jenner s The World s First Vaccination As A...

In 1796, Edward Jenner made a great leap in preventive medicine. He was the first doctor to administer the world’s first vaccination as a preventive treatment (Staff. 2010). Jenner’s method would so undergo â€Å"medical and technological changes over the next 200 years† (Philadelphia. 2015.) Vaccines were not main focus on again until 1885, when Louis Pasteur develop a vaccine for rabies. It seemed that early doctors and scientist were on a role, and people were conforming to the status quo, until Andrew Wakefield came on the scene. In 1998, Wakefield wrote a fraudulent research paper linking the appearance of autism and bowel diseases to the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine (Wikipedia. 2015.). Once the press, caught wind off of Wakefield’s research many became to blow the whistle on the on vaccine in the United Kingdom and causing panic because vaccines have been accused to cause autism. The British General Medical Council (or GMC) decided to investigate and soon found that the claim and the paper was false. However, the damage was done and the seed was planted. Now the new question on everyone’s mind is ‘Do vaccines cause autism and bowel diseases’? Well, the medical field has devoted a great deal of research and money to disband the claim. But, Wakefield’s research, though bogus, did spawn much debate and has many parents hesitant or downright refusing to vaccinate their children. In addition what compounds the issue and has made matters worse is many actors haveShow MoreRelatedMandatory Vaccination For Children : A Health Policy Debate1905 Words   |  8 Pages Mandatory Vaccinations for Children: A Health Policy Debate Holly Milligan University of New Hampshire Mandatory Vaccinations for Children: A Health Policy Debate Vaccines change over time as science makes advancements and diseases processes evolve and emerge. Around 400 BC, Hippocrates recognized the now preventable diseases, such as diphtheria and mumps (Immunization Act Coalition, 2015). The first effort to immunize dates back to the 1100’s when children were inoculated with scabsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Essay about Is Homosexuality Genetic or a Choice

I have known Rachel since we were in third grade and she’s been a close friend for most of that time. When we were in high school she told me that she was a lesbian and that she had known since we were children. She has tried dating men but doesn’t feel the kind of attraction for them that she had and still has for women. In a conversation we had nearly two years ago she told me, â€Å"I’m almost jealous of you. Sometimes I wish I could be attracted to men, it would make my life so much easier.† That comment has stuck with me ever since. She does not have it easy as a lesbian in a society that looks down on her for being an openly gay woman. People make snide comments at her and for the longest time her mother absolutely refused to believe she†¦show more content†¦They were wrong. Gay males dont think another male is female, and they dont respond as if they did† (Roughgarden 140). Many of these potentially gay rams did not respond to the hor mones released by the receptive ewes placed before them and did not mount them, but instead mounted other rams. If the argument of homosexual animals is not convincing enough, one must also consider the possibility of genetics. There is research suggesting that certain genetic markers on the x-chromosome are associated with homosexuality: â€Å"Using genetic mapping, the team found that a set of five genetic markers at the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome were identical in 33 of 40 pairs of homosexual brothers† (Journal Watch). This does not positively conclude that a person will be gay if he or she has these markers, but it does suggest that there are genetic factors at play rather than sexuality being merely a choice. Much of this research was done in 1993, and: â€Å"The same year, a study of twins found a significantly higher correlation of sexual orientation between identical as opposed to fraternal twins† (Bernstein 34). Two people with the same genetic makeup are more likely to both be gay or both be straight than two people with similar but not quite identical gene tics. There is no choice to have feelings for someone of the same, or the opposite, sex. If there was a choice in the matter, then people would be able to changeShow MoreRelatedHomosexuality : Genetic Or A Choice?1724 Words   |  7 PagesJessica Lamb Professor Daniel Levine PSYC 3320 May 9 2015 Homosexuality: Genetic or a Choice? It’s the year 2015 and the talk of homosexuality is still a controversial topic. Some people believe that being homosexual, or â€Å"gay†, is a choice and by being with someone of the same-sex you are committing a sin or doing something that is not viewed as â€Å"normal†. Although, now on television we are starting to see more and more homosexual couples and homosexual people on TV programs. Are people finally gettingRead MoreHomosexuality: Choice or genetic?902 Words   |  4 PagesHomosexuality has become an important issue in our community creating much controversy. The liberal citizens of our country congratulate those who have made the hard decision to â€Å"come out.† The decision to be openly homosexual is hard for some because of the rare acceptance that they receive. Society has made it so hard for homosexuals to be accepted, given the discrimination and hate crimes against them. The rights that have been taken from homosexuals, such as marriage , have led to a quest forRead MoreIs Homosexuality A Personal Choice Or Is It Genetics?2009 Words   |  9 PagesHomosexuality has been an ongoing controversial topic for decades and remains a taboo subject for many. The controversy stems from two distinct, main groups: liberals and conservatives. Both groups on opposite sides of the spectrum have created an uproar on what is right and what is wrong in regards to homosexuality. Social, religious, and personal beliefs have shaped many opinions and views on the perspective of homosexuality, thus creating opposing spheres without the consideration of scientificRead MoreEssay about Homosexuality is a Choice Rather than Genetics749 Words   |  3 Pagesreporting of many popular newspapers and magazines report of the discovery of a link between a certain gene and homosexuality, but hasnt it been considered a choice for such a long time? Is homosexuality a choice rather than genetic? To answer this question well start off by revealing some myths of homosexuality. The next part will explain the difference between a behavioral trait and a genetic trait. Finally Ill end be unveiling the truth behind the homosexual gene. There are many things that theRead MoreWhat Causes Homosexuality996 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Causes Homosexuality? What causes homosexuality? There has been much debate about what causes homosexuality. Is there a gay gene? Is homosexuality caused by environmental factors, such as upbringing, child molestation, an absent mother or affectionate father? Or is it something we’re born with, an inherited trait, like skin or hair color? Although there have been few studies on the cause of homosexuality, the debate seems to be divided, with scientists in one corner and religious fundamentalistsRead MoreDoes Homosexuality Change the Brain or the Brain Results in Homosexuality?1039 Words   |  5 Pages Homosexuality is a product of biology because according to research, the hormones of the females are stronger. Dr. Hamer states that sexual orientation, male homosexuality is genetically influenced. This is passed down through their mothers to the hormone of their offspring. Sexual identity is wired into the genes, which discounts the concept that homosexuality and transgender sexuality are a choice. Since sexual differentiation occurs within the womb, as a result of hormonal influences, it hasRead MoreAmericans Acceptance of Homosexuality Essay873 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society the general public has slowly became more accepting of homosexuality over the passing years, however it still remains an extremely controversial subject for a large majority. Different people have formulated their own opinions on whether or not this particular lifestyle is right or wrong. Some of these opinions are backed by generations upon generations of traditional views and religious beli efs which can be particularly arduous to break away from. How strongly people feel aboutRead MoreHomosexuality Is Not A Choice For Adults963 Words   |  4 PagesBiological Based Homosexuality Over the past few decades, there has been controversy over the topic of homosexuality. Many people believe that there are homosexuals make the choice to be homosexual. On the contrary, several studies show that there are genetic factors that lead individuals toward a homosexual preference. The rights of people who are homosexual are becoming more progressive and are almost equivalent to those who are heterosexual in the United States. Homosexuality is a biological traitRead MoreHomosexuality, Genetics or Preference? Essay800 Words   |  4 PagesLet us begin with a definition of homosexuality. Homosexuality refers to a sexual attraction and or behavior between people of the same sex. In origin the word homosexual comes from the Greek word for â€Å"same† with the Latin word for â€Å"sex†. In my opinion, homosexuality can be classified into two groups - one being sexual orientation and the other being sexual preference. Homosexuality as a sexual orientation refers to an enduring pattern or disposition to experience sexual, affectional, or amorousRead MoreThe s Natural Law Theory1219 Words   |  5 Pagesand readings that we learned about this last seven weeks, I see that Christians are adapting to society s views by my fellow classmate’s discussions and posts. The specific challenges that I will discuss are: Birth control, cloning, genetic engineering, and homosexuality. Hopefully by the end of this paper I would have given you enough explanation to why I agree or disagree with these scientific enhancements that are occurring in the world today. In order to get my point across I will discuss the challenges

Stanford Prison free essay sample

What happens when good equal people are put in evil situations? In the article â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment† by Philip Zimbardo, participants in the experiment demonstrate characteristics that signify the Lucifer theory. The Lucifer theory is based from biblical prophecies Isaiah 14:12, that describes the most beautiful angel known as Lucifer. Lucifer was described as Gods favorite angel which whom he greatly loved. The bible then goes into detail on how Lucifer defies and rebels against God and is sent to hell, the â€Å"fallen angel†. This theory is observed best when an ordinary, normal person first crosses the boundary between good and evil to engage in an evil action. The Lucifer theory can be accompanied by many different distractions such as authority and systematic power, peer pressure, and the physical environment. In â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment†, authority and systematic powers play a key role in this mock prison experiment. When Zimbardo splits the group of college students into guards and inmates, indications of the Lucifer theory become more perceptible. The students who play the guards, without any prior preexisting pathology, start to take the roll as if they had previous training. Zimbardo even states that, â€Å"the media had already provided them with ample models of prison guards to emulate,† making the job easier to fulfill (Zimbardo 735). The authority given to the students to play as the guards starts to transform their attitudes rapidly. They become more aggressive and begin to abuse their powers by dehumanizing the inmates, calling them names, stripping them naked, and occasionally abusing them. After a while, despite the atrocities already received by the inmates, the guards began forcing â€Å"them to engage in tedious, useless work† (Zimbardo 737). The guards started using fire extinguishers to end the inmate’s revolt, they dragged the inmate’s blankets through thorn bushes, they did not permit the inmates to use the restroom after lights out, and worst of all the guards made the inmates clean out there waste buckets with their bare hands. Philip Zimbardo, even admits that himself playing the role as the superintendent was â€Å"startled by the ease,† of shift in his attitude toward the inmates (Zimbardo 740). The catalyst, who helped Zimabrdo realize that he and the guards are taking this experiment too far, was psychologist Christina Maslach. She put a stop to the experiment only after six days. As one can see authority and systematic power can change a virtuous person into a sadistic abuser. Authority and systematic powers are not the only distractions that partake in the Lucifer theory, but peer pressure can cause a change in one’s attitude and values. Peer pressure in the influence exerted by a peer group or a single individual to alter ones values, attitude, or beliefs. In â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment†, a prime example of the Lucifer theory is peer pressure, in-between the boundaries of right and wrong. Zimbardo helped greatly with altering the student’s attitudes, which played the guards. He â€Å"deindividualized† the guards by giving them â€Å"identical khaki uniforms with silver reflector sunglasses, billy clubs, whistles, handcuffs, and keys to all the cells† (Zimbardo 735). This tactic was used to deceive the students in helping them play the role as if they were real prison guards. Guard A, prior to the experiment states that he is â€Å"pacifist and nonaggressive individual,† and cannot see a point in time where he would dehumanize another humanbeing (Zimbardo 741). Guard A specifically states that he is not aggressive and cannot see himself causing pain to another individual, but as the days move on there is a dramatic shift in his attitude. â€Å"Fifth day:.. I am very angry at this prisoner for causing discomfort and trouble for others. I decided to force-feed him, but he wouldn’t eat. I let the food slide down his face. I didn’t believe it was me doing it. I hated myself for making him eat but I hated him more for not eating† (Zimbardo 741) The reason that triggered his sadistic transformation is the mere fact that the guards are influencing each other’s ethical decisions, known as peer pressure. All of these students, before this experiment, were considered ordinary equal people; However, because of the situation the guards and prisoners are set it, they start to lose reality of the real world. The stress levels attained and the many different influences lead to the peer pressure that these students had soon encountered, the situation they were set in altered there rational decision making skills. Not only does peer pressure alter ones decision making but the physical environment also played a key role in proving the Lucifer theory. The physical environment in â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment†, helped in fluctuating the inmates and guards attitudes. When the students are split up between guards and inmates the physical environemtn really starts to take a toll mentally on the two separate groups. Zimbardo altered the physical environment by assigning different uniforms to the two groups. The inmates were given â€Å"smocks and nylon stocking caps,† to diminish each inmates sense of uniqueness (Zimbardo 734). The guards received â€Å"identical khaki uniforms with silver reflector sunglasses, billy clubs, whistles, handcuffs, and keys to all the cells† (Zimbardo 735). These clothes and objects helped add realism to the mock prison. Right away observers noticed a change in attitudes by the guards and inmates. The students began playing the role of the guards more serious by humiliating and treating the students who were the inmates as if they were real inmates. Without even being asked by Zimbardo, the guards started plotting their own ways to punish and dehumanize the inmates, even if there logic was pointless. The guards would use an empty closet where the inmates were secluded in solitary confinement, â€Å"A small, dark storage closet, labeled the hole† (Zimbardo 734). The cells and the â€Å"hole† helped by shifting the physical environment. The realism of the mock prison started to alter the reality of the guards and inmates, the guards were becoming more aggressive and the inmates were starting to act more like real inmates. Because of the physical environment that surrounds the guards, they lost reality of the real world and that in fact they were humiliating innocent people. The physical environment proves that it can alter ones rational decision making, putting them on the border line of what’s right and wrong leading to the Lucifer theory. Authority and systematic power, peer pressure, and the physical environment are all factors that fall under the category of the Lucifer theory. Authority and systematic powers play a key role in this experiment, by illustrating how to much power can alter ones attitude, such as the guards in â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment. The guards start to become more aggressive and humiliate the inmates. They begin to use fire extinguishers against inmate’s, they started dragging the inmate’s blankets through thorn bushes, they would not permit the inmates to use the restroom after lights out, and worst of all the guards would make in inmates clean out their waste buckets with their bare hands. Another factor that defines the Lucifer theory is peer pressure. Peer pressure is shown throughout this whole experiment; For example guard A claims he is passive and couldn’t imagine hurting another human being, but as the days go by he writes how he physically punished inmates. This transformation in attitude is due to the fact that every other guard is influencing each other’s decision making, leading to peer pressure. The last factor that helped define the Lucifer theory was the physical environment. Zimbardo assisted with the physical environment by adding realism to the mock prison. He gave out uniforms that differentiated between the guards and inmates, added ccell block for the inmates, and he added a solitary confinement space known as the â€Å"hole. † These three factors are primary examples of the Lucifer theory in â€Å"The Stanford Prison Experiment,† as Martin Luther King Jr. once said, â€Å"He who passively accepts evil is as much involved in it as he who helps to perpetrate it. He who accepts evil without protesting against it is really cooperating with it. †

Painting the stage Essay Example For Students

Painting the stage Essay Playwright Jose Cruz Gonzalezs Harvest Moon presents a picture of migrant farm workers lives in the most literal sense possible during each performance of the play, now having world premiere at Seattles Group Theatre through May 8, the family centered story of campesinos in Californias central valley is played on stage while simultaneously, a depictive mural is painted scene by scene, giving new meaning to the notion of dramatic vision In Harvest Moon, the mural could be considered nothing less than a character. When the play begins, Mariluz (played by Vilma Silva), an artist and the daughter of Mexican-American farmworkers is dying from childhood exposure to pesticides. As a last gift to her son, Cuauhtemoc (Ramone McLane), she creates a mural to explain both her own memories and the history of campesinos in the farms of America. As the story progresses, Cuauhtemoc sees as own life unfolding as a literal part of this tapestry, finally coming to understand by the end of the play that he occupies a place in the picture, but one that has not yet been completely drawn and definea.Playwright Cruz Gonzalez makes the mural integral to the story, not just an illustration but part of the action of the piece. This incorporation of the design into the production has been a collaborative challenge for visual artist Cecilia Alvarez, set designer Rex Carleton and projection designer Will Cloughley of Synapse Productions. Composed of six shoji-style the screens,the mural measures 9 by 28 feet and is constructed of sharkstooth scrim, allowing the actors to be seen behind it as the screens slide open and they step directly into scenes The design team, working with director Laura Esperaza, met early on to map out the visual text of the production, after which Alvarez created the actual mural on a reduced scale of 9 by 28 inches. Once completed, the picture was torn apart into its individual elements. Transparent acetates were created to allow scenes to be separated into background and foreground with single and multiple image, building the mural image one detail at a time. Esparza likens it to rudimentary animation, like the shot-script a feature film. Along those lines, Alvarez also created what Esparza calls an image text For every image there is a corresponding line of dialogue and slide effect. The preshow image of the mural is graffiti on the side of a parking shed; on the line Lupita, I brought you tomatoes, the image appears as a single tomato. Later, that tomato fades into a night sky, and the screens create a color change, overlaying stars and the moon. Other scenes unfold layered images of skies and fields, the detail of a pair of eyes, the Statue of Liberty and, most significantly, Mariluz at the center of a tableau, symbolized as a spreading tree embracing her entire family. With the use of the scrimmed mural, Harvest Moon reaches through time as the play moves across different eras, from the Aztec period to the 1940s to the present day. While it encompasses the personal tales of one immigrant family, it also draws upon the history of the labor movement and activist leader Cesar Chavez, as mother child an appreciation of his history. The rule, says Esparza, was that every image in the play had to be found in the mural Computer-controlled slide projections designed by Cloughley, a former associate of Bay Area media-master George Coates, make the gradual development of the mural possible; but the mural itself belongs to an older tradition in Mexicos artistic heritage which reached its finest statement in the work of Diego Rivera, who used breadth of scale as a form of populist expression. .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .postImageUrl , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:hover , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:visited , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:active { border:0!important; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:active , .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02 .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u26346d711871b6d2159c5157597f5e02:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: English in the last scene EssayIs it new? Esparza asks, and answers her own question. Is there anything new in theatre? Harvest Moon, however, is new in Latino/Chicano theatre. Diego Rivera gave the Mexican people a visual record of their collective memory, Esparza adds. That paved the way for the development of Mexican art. Now we are taking it into theatre. There, the picture tells a larger story.

The Importance of Punctuality free essay sample

Lateness is a sign of poor time management skills When you are late for appointments, meetings or work, you show a lack of respect for other people’s time as well as your own. Punctuality is a problem for many people. How can we ensure that we keep appointments by arriving on time? Here are some suggestions: 1. Make up your mind that you will be punctual from now on. In many cases lateness is caused by a lack of commitment to arrive on time. Have the right mindset. 2. Record the commitment in your planner and also record the time you must leave the house or office in order to arrive on time. Plan to arrive 5 to 10 minutes early. 3. If you have a fair distance to travel, always allow more time than you think it will take. 4. Don’t be trapped by the one last thing syndrome. If you’re ready to leave and its still early, leave anyway. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Punctuality or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Utilize the time at the other end rather than trying to finish one more task before you leave. If you are not a morning person, but have early morning commitments, set the alarm a little earlier. Some of us may need to go to bed a little earlier to make this work. When it comes right down to it, punctuality is a habit that can be developed. It takes great effort at first, but eventually simply happens. Habits are formed by repetition. If you want to acquire the habit of punctuality, you must repeat this behavior again and again.

Oppose and Opposed To

Oppose and Opposed To Oppose and Opposed To Oppose and Opposed To By Maeve Maddox A reader questions the use of the preposition against to follow the verb oppose in this example from an entertainment site: [Madonna] wanted to be the only female voice of the band, and opposed against the introduction of another female vocalist. The reader asks, â€Å"Isn’t opposed enough?† Yes. In this sentence, the meaning of opposed is objected to or was against. The transitive verb is sufficient: She opposed the introduction of another female vocalist. NOTE: The verb oppose has several meanings. This post is about the use of oppose to mean, â€Å"to object to,† â€Å"to be against.† Used transitively, oppose is followed directly by a noun or a pronoun (its direct object). Here are examples of correct usage: There are also personal, political, religious, and spiritual reasons to oppose capital punishment.   Top Ten Reasons to Oppose the  World Trade Organization   Why I oppose Common Core standards The men and women who  opposed womans suffrage  did so for many reasons.   Oppose also functions intransitively (no object). When it is followed by a prepositional phrase, the preposition to use is to, not against. Here are examples of intransitive use: Coach Gus Malzahn not opposed to switching divisions Why so many immigrants in Germany are opposed to the refugee influx Here are some examples of unidiomatic uses of oppose, with suggested corrections: INCORRECT: Woman Becomes an Atheist After She  Opposed Against  Prayer at Her Sons School   CORRECT: Woman Becomes an Atheist After She  Opposed Prayer at Her Sons School   INCORRECT: â€Å"I think this administration is adamantly  opposed against  fossil fuels, period,† said Young, Alaskas sole House member. CORRECT: â€Å"I think this administration is adamantly  opposed to fossil fuels, period,† said Young, Alaskas sole House member. INCORRECT: Are these people also  opposed against  the genocide the Caliphate is doing against Christians and Yazidis?   CORRECT: Are these people also  opposed to the genocide the Caliphate is doing against Christians and Yazidis?   INCORRECT: Yet there are plenty of [people] who are opposed against the scientific facts you throw around about vaccines. CORRECT: Yet there are plenty of [people] who are opposed to the scientific facts you throw around about vaccines. NOTE: A better revision for this example would be to choose a different verb altogether: Yet there are plenty of [people] who do not accept (or believe) the scientific facts you throw around about vaccines. INCORRECT: The Supreme Court of India  opposed against  any sort of hooliganism in the name of bandh in 1998, but political parties still organize them.   CORRECT: The Supreme Court of India  opposed any sort of hooliganism in the name of bandh in 1998, but political parties still organize them.   The concept of against is built into the verb oppose. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Does [sic] Mean?5 Lessons for Mixing Past and Present TenseWords That Begin with Q

Making a video in ESL class

Making a video in ESL class Making a video in English class is a fun way to get everyone involved while using English. Its project based learning at its best. Once you finish, your class will have a video to show off to friends and family, theyll have practiced a wide range of conversational skills from planning and negotiating to acting, and theyll have put their technological skills to work. However, making a video can be a big project with lots of moving pieces. Here are some tips on how to manage the process while involving the whole class. Ideation Youll need to come up with an idea for your video as a class. Its important to match class abilities to your video goals. Dont choose functional skills that students dont possess and always keep it fun. Students should enjoy and learn from their experience filming, but not be too stressed out about language requirements as theyll already be nervous about how they look. Here are some suggestions for video topics: Study Skills - Students can break into groups and produce a scene about a specific study skill, or a tip on how to study.Functional Skills - Have students create scenes focusing on functional skills such as ordering at a restaurant, job interviewing, leading a meeting, etc.Grammar Skills - Students can include slides asking the viewer to pay attention to specific structures and then act out short scenes focusing on tense usage or other grammar points. Finding Inspiration Once youve decided on your video as a class, go to YouTube and look for similar videos. Watch a few and see what others have done. If youre filming something more dramatic, watch scenes from TV or a movie and analyze to gain inspiration on how to film your videos. Delegating Delegating responsibilities is the name of the game when producing a video as a class. Assign individual scenes to a pair or small group. They can then take ownership of this part of the video from storyboarding to filming and even special effects. Its very important that everyone has something to do. Teamwork leads to a great experience. When making a video, students who dont want to be in the video can take on other roles such as editing the scenes with a computer, doing make-up, making voice overs for charts, designing instructional slides to be included in the video, etc. Storyboarding Storyboarding is one of the most important tasks in creating your video. Ask groups to sketch out each section of their video with instructions on what should happen. This provides the roadmap for the video production. Believe me, youll be glad youve done it when editing and putting together your video. Scripting Scripting can be as simple as a general direction such as Talk about your hobbies to specific lines for a soap opera scene. Each group should script a scene as they see fit. Scripting should also include any voiceovers, instructional slides, etc. Its also a good idea to match the script to the storyboard with snippets of text to help with production. Filming Once youve got your storyboards and scripts ready, its on to filming. Students who are shy and dont want to act can be responsible for filming, directing, holding cue cards, and more. Theres always a role for everyone - even if its not on screen! Creating Resources If youre filming something instructional, you may want to include other resources such as instructional slides, charts, etc. I find it helpful to use presentation software to create the slides and then export as .jpg or other image format. Voiceovers can be recorded and saved as .mp3 files to add to the film. Students who arent filming, can work on creating resources needed or each group can create their own. Its important to decide as a class which template youd like to use, as well as image sizes, font choices, etc. This will save a lot of time when putting together the final video. Putting the Video Together At this point, youll have to put it all together. There are numerous software packages that you can use such as Camtasia, iMovie, and Movie Maker. This can be quite time consuming and aggravating. However, youll probably find a student or two who excel in using storyboarding software to create complex videos. Its their chance to shine!

Explain the relevance of segmentation to the 21st century business of Essay

Explain the relevance of segmentation to the 21st century business of your choice - Essay Example New Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. 10 Cant, M., Strydom, W., Jooste, C., and du Plessis, P. 2009. Marketing Management. Cape Twon: Juta and Company Ltd. 10 Dibb, S and Simkin, L. 2013. Market Segmentation Success: Making It Happen! New York: Routledge. 10 Duening,T., Hisrich, R and Lechter, M. 2009. Technology Entrepreneurship: Creating, Capturing, and Protecting Value. Waltham: Academic Press. 11 Hill, C and Jones, G. 2012. Strategic Management: An Integrated Approach. Belmont: Cengage Learning. 11 Jones, C. 2013. Apple's Stock Awards Value Has More Than Doubled Over The Past Three Years. [online] Forbes. Available at: [Accessed 20 October 2010]. 11 McDonald, M. 2012. Market Segmentation: How to Do It and How to Profit from It. New York: John Wiley and Sons. 11 Mohr, J., Sengupta, S and Slater, S. 2010. Marketing of High-technology Products and Innovations. Missoula: Jakki Mohr. 11 Sigal, M. 2010. Apple's segmentation strategy, and the folly of conventional wisdom: Ten years after a n iPod powered rebirth, Apple's run continues unabated. [online] O’Reilly Radar. ... Managers of the marketing departments in most businesses have come up with ingenious ways of ensuring the marketing works, and the business makes profits. Market segmentation is the strategy that has been proven to work miracles in the world's business. The strategy is based on dividing the various clients or customers of the business into various groups. Consumers with the same specifications and needs are grouped together. This makes it easy to address the needs, requirements and issues the clients in the various groups may have (Elsevier, 2002). Market Segmentation in Technology Businesses Market segmentation is one of the best marketing strategies know today. This strategy categorizes clients in different groups making it easy for the companies to address their client needs. In that situation, businesses benefit from increased sales and profitability. Marketing segmentation also has benefits to the consumers. Their needs are well addressed according to their specifications. The i nformation technology industry is comprised of programming, computing, data processing, telecommunications, gaming, networking, the Internet and applications. The information technology industry is different from all the others in several ways. However, targeting potential clientele and segmentation of the market is all the same. For proper market segmentation, the businesses have to do the following. To divide all possible customers into groups: The first thing a technology manufacturer or service provider is to determine the target markets. This should be done according to demographics, geographical, psychological and perception and behavioural variables. The company should also

Teenage Pregnancy Master Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Teenage Pregnancy Master - Essay Example The recent decrease has been ascribed to more information on this social problem and continued work. Knowledge about this problem has been updated so it is now known that teenage pregnancy is both a result and cause of poverty. Young mothers have other problems such as low achievement and low aspirations (Teenage Pregnancy Independent Advisory Group, 2008). Despite this, there is still a deficit of knowledge about the young people's views of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce the frequency of teenage pregnancy. It has been suggested that the views of young people, specially teenage mothers may suggest ways to reduce the frequency of teenage pregnancy more effectively. One such example may be that young people emphasise on interventions being person-centred. Young mothers perceive a lack of effective communication of health and education messages. They perceive the staff to be less educated and inadequately sensitive to the needs of young people. Peer education and help and services for young men are lacking. In the youth settings, there must be sexual health services for teenagers (Chambers et al., 2002, 85-90). Researchers have pointed to the roles of socioeconomic factors in teenage pregnancy. With rise in awareness, now the trend is teenage abortion which fails the purpose of preventive services, exposing the teenage mothers to a higher degree of vulnerability. It is true that there is no concrete information as to what would constitute better outcomes when dealing with teenage pregnancy. This points to the fact that it is necessary to ask the teenage mothers whether they perceive a pregnancy to be unwanted that ends in either birth or abortion. Indeed, there is an element of lack of understanding due to broader mismatch in communication. Review of literature suggests that other nonsexual health concerns are priorities in the case of teenagers, and sexual health rates lower in priority (Jacobsen et al., 1993). The Teenage Pregnancy Report shows that the UK rates of teen pregnancy are twice as high as Germany, three times higher than France, and Five times higher than the Netherlands. It has been found that the daughters of teen mothers are twice likely to be pregnant at their teenage. It is unfortunate, as the data suggest, that 75% of the teenage conceptions are unplanned, and about 50% of these result in abortion. The inadequacy of the services is highlighted by the fact that 20% of the births to the teen mothers are second teen pregnancies. The roles played by the socioeconomic factors are further highlighted by the fact that 50% of the teenage mothers exist in 20% of the wards with the highest rates (Teenage Pregnancy Independent Advisory Group, 2008). It may be argued that this distribution has no socioepidemiologic implications. Reviews of interventions directed towards reduction of poor sexual health outcomes, which include unplanned pregnancy, show that interventions have little to no role to influence sexual behaviour and contraceptive use. This has occurred mainly due to the fact that despite increased knowledge about sexual health, knowledge does not seem to influence the decision of the teens to have safe sex practices, cautious and risk-free sexual behaviour, and contraceptive use (Levine et al., 2001). These happen due to generalisation of such interventions across a varied population. Populations are

Jihad, Pakistan and India :: Politics Political Essays

Jihad, Pakistan and India Every person is entitled to his or her own opinion. Whether it is complimenting a new outfit or distrusting a society, people may think whatever they like. In the article â€Å"Jihadis† by Pankaj Mishra, different views on society are taken. From the opinions of Pakistani relationships with Indians, or the different outlooks on the Taliban takeover in Afghanistan, this article provides a detailed description of a person born in India but decided to change his life. The narrator, Mishra, is first introduced shortly after a brief setting of the Middle East before the tragic events of September 11, 2002. Described as being from India, he is now a London reporter writing various articles for English and American magazines. Through his encounters the reader receives an inside view on Middle Eastern life and history. Beginning with Pakistan’s governmental history, a foundation is set describing various ruling powers such as General Zia-ul-haq’s military takeover from Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1977 and the final Taliban takeover of Afghanistan in the 1990’s. The cruelty inflicted by these harsh takeovers is apparent by descriptions of â€Å"shutting down schools, smashing TVs, and VCRs, and tearing up photographs† (Mishra 103). Different reasons for supporting and joining the Taliban and other organizations are also explored. For example, a young man named Rahmat, felt he had no other choice but to join the Taliban in taking over Afghanistan after his father’s business was in ruins and his brother was in jail. After all the warnings, the Taliban offered him what he could not offer himself at that time: food and shelter. Trying to get an insider’s view on Taliban life, Mishra is escorted by Jamal, a befriended assassin.

Art Criticism of Barricade by Jose Clemente Orozco

Art Criticism of Barricade by Jose Clemente Orozco The painting Barricade by Jose Clemente Orozco is made using oil on canvas. It is 140 by 114. 3 cm and it portrays five men that are closely placed together. To the left of the portrait there is a shirtless hunched man giving his back to the viewer and has his right arm extended to the right. He is holding a red cloth in his right hand. He has two bullet straps going over his shoulders and strapped across his back. To his right there is another shirtless male figure facing the viewer with his arm extended forward and his feet closely placed together.There is a rope loosely placed around his feet. This man also has his arm slightly extended forward. He is standing in a slanted position and is leaning his back on something. To the right of this man is a fully clothed crouched man holding a knife in his hand. There are two other shirtless men on the ground behind this crouched male figure. The two bigger men on the left are balanced by the three smaller men on the right. Orozco uses a brighter value of blue on the pants of the two men on the left to show their dominance over the rest of the men. The posture of the slanted man creates implied diagonal lines.Orozco also uses a vibrant red colored cloth shift the reader’s attention from the two dominant male figures to focus on other aspects of the artwork and the other minor figures. The whole painting may evoke a gloomy and depressing mood in the viewer because the men appear to be struggling. The red cloth seems to symbolize bloodshed because of the seemingly violent scene that is taking place in the rest of the painting. The dominant figure on the right appears to be fighting for his life because of the way he is clenching his teeth. He could be extending his arm to reach for help from someone not included in the painting.The knife in the crouched man’s hand symbolizes war, and his loose grip on the knife may represent his defeat. The smoke that app ears to be polluting the sky could foreshadow that there is something worse to come and that the conflict going on may not be resolved. Also, the fact that four of the five men are shirtless could imply that they come from a lower social class. The artist succeeded in portraying a violent scene in this artwork because of the aggressive actions of the men. He limited the number of colors used in the painting, but was still able to create strong emotions in the viewer using different values of those colors.The realistic portrayal of the muscles allows the viewer to perceive the reality of the environment. However, the artist confuses the viewer because he leaves the viewer to interpret many things on their own. His whole painting focuses on the five men, so the viewers are left to interpret the setting, the reason for their conflict, and the time when the conflict occurred based on the men’s actions and the objects around them. Overall, the painter includes minor symbols such a s the cloth, gun, and knife to successfully convey the overall violent atmosphere of the painting.

Financial Derivatives - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 31 Words: 9308 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND Financial derivatives is often an efficient policy of the risk management which is been used in modern economy worldwide. The financial derivatives grow on huge scale and very significant into a well accepted definitions, measurement and the revelation of the conventional financial accounting essentials. The financial derivatives has many advantages and it is been used worldwide. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Financial Derivatives" essay for you Create order Though, some risks occur in the use of financial derivatives. The management of the financial derivatives become more essential in the modern economy. With the rapid growth of the modern economy, more financial risk exists during the development process which involves the frequent use of financial derivatives, the use of the derivatives assist against a potential risks and use of financial derivatives also reveals to the user a huge risk. Financial derivatives are also important through the progress of financial derivatives. Globally, the world economy is fast growing which is leading to so many difficulties in the financial derivatives worldwide which are creating more problems for financial derivatives. However this problem requires the introduction of regulatory body such as government to take over in order to supervise the financial derivatives. The supervision of financial derivatives plays a vital role in modern economy while lack of regulation in financial derivation will l ead the financial market into disorder, chaos and confusion. This might destroy the entires nations economy. Financial derivatives without regulation will attract a big potential economic risk. For the financial market globally, such economic crisis affects the economy worldwide. 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY China has a huge economy which is growing rapidly. There various types of financial derivatives in china, which are widely used in the financial market. This research will analyze the financial derivative in Chinas financial market and also discuss the classic supervision (regulations) and the analysis of the performance of the supervision procedure. China financial market, its advantage and the risks that exist in the classic financial derivative in China will also be reviewed. This research will reveal major classic in the various types of financial derivatives in china and verify the uses of all the financial derivatives in order to demonstrate its performance of those financial derivatives. The supervision of financial derivatives will also lead to reviewing the Chinas financial environs. The major purpose of this research is to establish the usage of financial derivatives against the financial derivatives. The findings of the research from both the financial derivatives and role of supervision in China will provide an overall insight in the China financial market and also conclude by making some recommendation on the usage of financial derivation and the status of the supervision of financial derivatives in China. 1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE RESEARCH This research reviews the overall literature on financial derivative in the past with a focus on the impact of the financial derivative, the benefits of the practise of financial derivative and the potential risk of the use of financial derivative. The supervision of the financial derivative analysis will be reviewed with the use of Journals and report. Subsequently, this research work will focus on the case study for the research methodology; the case study is the Chinas financial market. This research model information is gathered from both Chinas financial market and the supervision of the financial derivatives in China. Information is however collated in china using the position of a standard financial derivative in China. Using the position of a standard financial derivative in China, the analysis of financial market in China is reviewed with some journals and reports which was use as the data in support of the research and the most vital data is collected by the Chinese national statistics. The research will use both the qualitative and quantitative analysis method, this used to analyse the research data. From the research of classic financial derivative that is practise in China and the supervision of financial derivatives in China. This research will adapt the SLEPT method (Social factor, Legal factor, Economic factor, Political factor and Technological factor) to review the entire china financial markets while the SWOT (Strengthen, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) method will be used in reviewing the financial derivative in the direction of the Chinas financial market, the functions of the supervision of the financial derivatives in China will also be reviewed. Finally, there will be a brief conclusions and provide some recommendations on both China financial for market and supervision of the financial derivatives. The limitations of the study will be highlighted and references for further reading will also be listed at the end of thi s research. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVE The financial derivatives have a direct influence on the organization. A financial derivative is a good policy of risk management. Froot et al (1993) observed that the peak level of investment and capital spending are selected at the same time. They recommend that financial cost risk management should have a particular dominant goal, this enable the company to have access to cash to make a price improving investments. The risk management model rely on the fundamental premises that the essentials of establishing corporate value is creating good investment and the essentials to creating good investment is generating adequate cash within, in order to use it to find those investments. Nance et al (1993) and Mian (1994) discover a statistically important clear relationship between the tax credits and the practise of risk management instruments. Dolde (1995) reported a clear and an important relation between tax loss carry forwards and the practise of risk management instrument whi ch include hedging. Dixon Bhandari (1997) found that calls for supervision through a rise in legislation are not generally accepted. Although the supervisory body main focus is that the stability of inter market could be strictly undermined without greater supervision. Guay (1999) studies financial derivative responsibilities in organizations by initiating derivatives practises. The outcomes were consistent with organization practising derivatives to hedge and not to expand, entity risk. Organization risk is measured in different ways which reduces following the use of derivatives. The study observes a decrease in risks and decisions to introduce derivatives programs vary from hedging. The outcome highlights the significance of hedge accounting laws that incorporate the influence of derivatives and hedged items at the same time. Fender (2000) discovers some basics of corporate finance of monetary economics examine the influence of corporate risk management policies on the m onetary transmission system. They employed an easy model of a financial speed up to sort the information asymmetries, they are the core of the entire models of the transmission system, it establish motivation for corporate hedging activities, that is cash flow administration, they realise that these principles, in turn, reduce the influence of monetary policy degree which is lower to the clear cost of capital effect. Billing (2002), describe the reasons behind the protection and enlightened on how auditors should review the different problems raised from the utilisation of financial instrument. Heilliar et al (2004), access the influence of financial reporting standard 13: Derivatives and different financial instruments, implementations and disclosures which focus is on the treasury department responsibilities. The researchers deliberately conduct interviews with the workers of the UK treasury department in order to review their behaviours towards and observed the impact of FR S 13. At large, the treasurer reply at an advantage to the standard and carefully reviewed the narrative disclosure to be specifically useful. The numerical disclosures were comprehensive and focused. The rapid growth in the financial derivatives also has an influence on Chinas financial market. Ba Shusong (2004) believes that financial derivatives have played a vital role in the growth of Chinas market. Subsequently, El-Masry (2006) stated that big firms often used derivatives than average or smaller firms, public companies often use derivatives than the private companies. The use of derivatives is ultimate in the midst of international firms. The findings reveals that most firms that do not use derivative instrument is attributed to the fact their experiences are not important and the major reasons they avoid derivatives are, they focus on the experiences requires by FASB rules under derivatives activity, fees of creating and sustaining derivatives activities go beyond the e xpected profit, foreign exchange risk is often managed with derivatives and interest rate risk is often managed with derivatives and interest rate risk is risk that is subsequently managed risk and the study reveals that the main reason for the use of hedging with derivatives is supervising the volatility in liquidity. Bartram (2006) explores the incentive and use of non financial firms with respect to using options in managing risk activities. The study realize that an important number of 15 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 55% of the companies not within the financial sector practise the options which shows the fact that options are very flexible risk management instrument which can be useful to hedge different types of exposures both linear and non-linear, it also discover that it rely on the correlation between price and quantity risk, the optimal hedge portfolio involve different combination of both linear and non linear risk management instruments. The accounting ways and the effects of liquidity can influence the selection of derivatives. Eckstein et al (2008) study the impact of organization using derivatives which applies Statement of Financial Account Standards (SFAS) no 133; it shows the degree of cumulative effects of differences in accounting formulas from the annual income statement adopted, market response to earnings pronounced and the major effect of financial ratio. The outcome reveals that the important negative unpredicted returns were noticed around earnings pronouncement dates. Abnormal earnings correlate with the cumulative effect instead of the differences in earnings per share from operations which reveals that surprises connected to changes in accounting, it is also established that companies with resources unrealized profit and losses are connected to hedging with derivative instrument. 2.2 THE MERITS OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES There are several advantages of financial derivatives from 1990s McAllister and Mansfield (1998) studies the responsibilities and ability of financial derivatives investment property portfolio management and also focus on the difficulties of direct investment in commercial property. They also analyse and the major principles and all different types of derivatives, they rounded it up that the possibilities of financial derivatives to mitigate most of this difficulties which is connected with direct property investment that is studied. They also decided on Property Index Certificates (PIC) has been narrow down with shareholders and ought to produce rise in interest rate and the use of derivatives product within the assets both in the UK and global institutional shareholders. Tyler and Stanley (2002), Counter Sheedys call for further readings through the practical examination of the equity derivatives market in US and UK, quarrelling that while link in this market do, to a certain degree, showing features a typical of broader and indeed inherent, to over-the-counter derivative exchange. After that, Zivney et al (2006) discovers the possibilities of using dividend plans by individual shareholders. This plan was raised from the 2003 tax law changes which reduce tax rates on dividends received while abandoning the short term tax rate on capital losses unaffected. Freeman et al 2006, realize that the credit derivatives market is control by big banks and insurance firms who does business within themselves. The growth of credit derivatives market develops into more liquid and transparent. Freeman emphasize that thee a various easy and practical ways in which organisation can use credit derivatives to manage risk to show the empirical strengths and weakness of a particular approach. Klimczak (2008) produce a detailed assessment of the main contemporary firms hedging theories. The study focus on a sample of 150 companies listed on the Warsaw stock exchange whic h shows features shared by companies using hedge. 2.3 RISKS ATTACHED TO FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES From the above, the literature review shows various advantages of financial derivatives on the risk management of finance. However, some risk occurs in the operation of financial derivatives. Financial derivatives have been faced with so many criticisms this mostly is due to large loose because of leverage and borrowing. Laker (2008) examines that as the derivatives permit shareholders to earn huge returns from small movement in the basic assets price. Though shareholder might lose more money if the basic asset price moves against them drastically and the financial derivatives might expose shareholders to counter party risk and all types of financial derivatives have different risks at different level to this effect. Also financial derivatives will stand as an unsuitable large amount of risk for little and mostly for shareholders who lack experience as financial derivatives offers chances of huge rewards and so many attractions even to individual shareholders. However, speculati on under derivatives most presumes a great deal of risk consisting commensurate experience and good market idea which favours a small shareholders, this is the purpose why some financial advisers are opposing the use of these instruments. Derivatives are complicated instrument as forms of insurance in transferring risk among all parties involve which presume an additional risk. Laker further identified that financial derivatives often have a huge estimated value, as a result of that there is a high level of risk and shareholders might lose much without been compensated. As stated by Berhire Hathaway inc. (2002) on the annual report, that there is a possibility that this could result in a chain reaction and subsequently in an economic crisis. Also Rawles (2006), financial derivatives enormously leverage within the economy, which makes it more complex for the basic real economy to facilitate its debt requirement and restricting the real economic functions which often lead to eco nomic recession. 2.4 THE SUPERVISION OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES ANALYSIS The supervision of the financial derivatives should be acknowledged as both the advantage and risk are present in financial derivatives. Though, there few journals which analyse the supervision of financial derivatives, in the late 1990s, Shah (1996), identified that in the rise of huge losses from derivatives dealers and end users in modern years, many issues are being highlighted as regards the regulatory structure that is necessary to supervise and control the use of derivatives, it disagree that the principle in which the issue can be resolved by strict internal policies whereas regulators assume it is necessary for more precise oversight is misplaced though it still can be use for hedging, Derivatives involves high risk technology which often pose problems for regulations and its functions. Recently, Kern (2001), identified that the global regulation of financial markets became obvious in the 1970s with regards to post Bretton Woods liberalisation of financial markets. The removal of the fixed exchange rate equal the outcome of gold in the privatisation of finance risk, which established tension to eliminate the functions of cross border capital movements and more deregulation of the financial market. However, there is need for general regulatory body to build safe and reliable financial institutions such as bank through an efficient management as systemic risk in general market. Also it is necessary for international standards of supervision to also be acknowledged to avoid solvent in the financial institutions in one jurisdiction from the business to collapse to a less reputable institutions functioning in other jurisdictions whose rules only allowed cut rate financial services and more risky financial functions. The privatization of financial risk leads to establishment of financial institutions to blow out their risks over to many resources and functions which lead to an important rise in short term cross border portfolio asset which could reveal capital importing nation to increase system risk which was cause by volatility of such investments. Gilnen Tabak (2007) establish a new substitute for gathering information on risks that exists in financial institutions which assist in analysing the risk tools which are found in risk management. This method assists risk managers, supervisors in analysing the potential risk in financial institutions because of derivatives position. The main idea is the linear financial instrument which is also refer to the traditional method often used by management risk system it assist in decreasing roles in risk factors and defend the responsibilities of financial derivatives while the non-linear instrument have roles with different options which are represented as clear as European options. The study shows the propose method captured the risk occurrence in policies that consists of options with an accepted error margin. CHAPTER 3 DATA ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY 3.1 CASE STUDY The case study of this research will be the Chinas financial market; this research analysis will focus on the Chinas financial market, together with growth of the socialist market of the real economic structure. Chinas financial market is growing with the ongoing exploration. Currently, Chinas financial Market is essentially established as a pure division of the financial system. Chinas financial Market has started forming and many financial commercial have been developed, this includes Bonds, Stock and commercial bills. The capital loan and a bargain securities markets were established steadily after 1985. During the 1988, treasury bonds were established in the transfer market in major and average cities in china. In 1990 shanghai stock exchange was created and 1991 Shenzhen stock exchange was also created. Both stock exchange in 1999, release 98 A shares and 117 subsidiary shares, increasing 87.7 billion Yuan, which increase the total number of companies listed to 976; the aggreg ate increase in foreign capital is about US$610Million with the use of issuing B and H shares. China releases 1.5Billion Yuan of A shares which can be transferred into bonds. In 1994, 94.1 billion Yuan was realised from issuing and selling stocks. The level of the transaction in the stock exchange by 1999 surpass 5,000 billion Yuan and it was summed up to about 401.5billion Yuan which was the value of government bonds issued and 191.1 billion Yuan was government bonds value in cash. This fund has successfully improved the financial status of the listed companies and a rise in the sources of money for technological transformation of the public banks and financial markets. In the recent years, the financial market in China has been undergoing a rapid growth, Neftci and Yuan, Michelle (2006), stated that China financial markets shows about $2 trillion and are anticipating the market to grow to about $10trillion by 2008, the china financial market continues to expand its investment w ith a view to ensure that their operations are successful. 3.2 RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION They are different types of financial derivatives found in Chinas financial market which are vital for the growth of Chinas financial market. The use of the financial derivatives has led to many financial difficulties in the rapid growth of the financial system, there is need for regulators to be more effective and implement more laws on the supervision of the financial derivatives. This will help to determine and regulate the stability of both the China financial market and the supervision of financial derivatives in china. Classic materials similar to the financial market and financial derivatives in China will be use as a guide. Other source of materials will be from the internet, textbooks and journals. This research work is structure to determine the supervision of the financial derivatives in China. The China financial market is chosen as a case for the analysis. The source of the main data is from China, National Statistics of China; and few of the firms annual report wil l be used for the data analysis. This research work will focus on the nature of the Chinas financial market and the outcome of the financial derivatives in China and the supervision structure of the financial derivatives in China. The SLEPT (refer to Social factor, Legal factor, Economic factor, Political factor, Technological factor) method will be used to examine the general system of the China financial market, it will focus on the classic findings of financial derivatives and also on China financial system in order to examine the nature of the financial market in China. From the results, the research will be based on the nature of the financial derivatives in China to examine the impact, introduction, growth, transactions and practise of the financial derivatives on the Chinas financial market. This research will also examine the supervision of financial derivatives in Chinas financial market in agreement with related articles and also to make some recommendation on the supervis ion of the financial derivatives in China. 3.3 DATA ANALYSIS The qualitative and quantitative method is both used to analyze the data. Under the qualitative analysis method, the materials such as journals and all information gathered from the internet are related to Chinas financial market and the supervision of financial derivatives, the report of the classic financial organisation will all be gathered as part of the qualitative assistance to the analysis. Some major dialogue by the classic economist in China will also be the main issues for the qualitative analysis; this is due to lack of interviews by government officials and financial managers of most firms. Generally, the secondary materials used will be part of the quantitative analysis, which will certainly show the problem of this research. The quantitative method, this method of analysis is the data and information gathered from different firms. The most significant data is gathered from the China National Statistics. Other information and data are gathered from various reports f rom different firms. It is difficult to make a questionnaire with this research because the research problem is comprehensive. The major source of information and data are gathered from the internet and few reports from the government is the main structure for the quantitative analysis. The major limitations are the quantitative method in this research is the lack of an individuals observations and analysis on financial markets and the supervision of the financial derivatives. CHAPTER 4 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 4.1 CLASSICAL FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES USED IN CHINA China has commissioned a model in financial future exchange in 1990s. Ba Shusong (2006), stated that the core financial derivatives are the foreign exchange futures, stock index futures, warrants, convertible bonds and national debt future. Few of the do not function any more, although model is not so successful, it was importance for a lot of valuable experiences. However, with the growth in China financial market, the financial derivatives perform well and will return to China financial market and a fresh product which correspond to the requirements of the growth of economy; this will be additional expansion and will certainly play a vital role in the Chinas financial market. Foreign Exchange futures; Gregory (1995) stated that inside the foreign exchange market, each price in a market is a relative price, which shows an equal rate. In the late 1980s and from the beginning of 1990s, China was completely accommodating for financial derivatives and control method of suitable opened. From 1984, the local enterprises and companies can trade the offshore foreign exchange futures via the stock broking company. This will assist in requirement for hedging of local banks corporations and swap the foreign exchange role. The first ever foreign exchange swap of China exchange market was commissioned June 1992 in shanghai. The transaction in the foreign exchange futures in local have been displayed and developed from time to time. Later on, the Shenzhen foreign exchange centre was due for approval of foreign exchange futures transactions. (Ma Qingquan 2003). Ma Qingquan (2003), later on access the inner and external foreign exchange future and realize that they all have some difficulties which enable the government of Chinese to take a bold step to resolve and restructure the foreign exchange market. From 1993 to 1995, during this era, the Chinese government has continuously ordered the closure of unlawful foreign exchange futures brokerage firms. All the loca l foreign exchange in China did not operate extensively due to absence of regulators which lead to failure of the implementation. National debt futures; the national debt future is another method of interest rate futures; it is after the most growth of financial futures in China. The national debt future was originally found December 1992 in china. The shanghai stock exchange commission was the first contact of national debt future. In the year 1993, the transaction scope of the general debt futures had been worn out mainly, the individuals and brokers was given access to the market. The Beijing commodity exchange also welcomes the transaction of national debt futures. However, the national debt future was unripe for development; this follows the 314 contract irregularities storm in Shanghai stock exchange in Sept 1994 and 327 contract irregularities storm in February 1995 also emerge. May 1995, concluded the transaction of national debt future which finally collapse. Converti ble Bonds; Convertible bonds are part of growing process of the growth of Chinas Stock market. Basically convertible bonds have a slight resemblance with stock options. (A stock option is also known as executive stock options). Little (2008) refer to a convertible bond is a kind of bond that can be switch into shares, bonds in an issuing firm. Mostly a few pre-announced proportion which is hybrid safety with same debt and equity characteristics. Ba Shusong (2006), the convertible bonds have experienced and discovered in over a decade since its first implementation in China, they have been known with many groups and they continue to progress and grow since the growth of the recent social economy of China. The convertible bonds are financial derivatives which agree with state of the growth of China economy. It will grow more and further along with the growth of the Chinas financial market. Warrant, this is a type of derivative protection that gives the owner the ability to buy s ecurity direct from the issuer at a given price within a specific period. Warrant are mostly part in a fresh issue which is refer to sweetener this is just to attract the shareholder. Between 1992 to 1996, China has commissioned a lot of warrants, which include sock warrant La Dai Fei, others are Ba oan 93 and Fuzhou East in Shanghai stock market while others warrant was also commissioned in Shenzhen stock market. This include Gui Liugong, Xia Haifa, Min minding, Xiang Zhongyi. However, because of the uncontrolled speculation of warrants, there are important speculations in the drop prices of warrants. The operations of the warrants were dismissed by the national regulatory body in June 1996. The reason for the dismissed is due to absence of regulators of the financial derivative. Hence, it is observed that the supervision and regulation on all types of Financial derivative is very important than the operation of the financial derivative. As soon as financial derivatives is in opera tion there is need for government to present a supervision in order to regulate the operations and function of financial derivatives therefore the financial derivatives will grow with health except if it will be dismissed at the closing stages due to the disorder of the financial market. In conjunction with the reform of the part construct of warrants, the issue of the warrants were present in the outline again. This is due to bearish and bullish choices with the features of the warrants. It has been an efficient way in the movement for safety of the interests of investors and simultaneously, it leads to rise in flexible payment of the price of the movement of non-investors. According to Xu Peng (2007) since 2007, 27 warrants have been registered in shanghai and Shenzhen stock market. Stock Index Futures; In March 1993, stock index futures surfaced in Chinas Hainan securities and exchange center, which showed as Shenzhen composite index and Shenzhen A share index. This is in line with the global practise, such as creation of deposit system. Unfortunately, stock market was not huge enough; the trading activities stopped functioning in the same 1993 due to speculation inside the market. Ba shusong (2006) further stated that 14years after, (April 2007), After the official commissioning of the Future Exchange Management Regulations, the stock index futures has reverted given that it has been compelled to shut down 14years earlier. This revert will certainly become an important discussion for everyone and local institutions. 4.2 STANDARD SUPERVISION OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES USED IN CHINA The standard supervision of financial derivatives in China can be categorise into 3, namely, the Risk management, this is the major body of the supervision of financial derivatives, the core regulator of the financial market which is a vital way to regulate the financial derivatives and the creation of rules for financial derivatives which is protection for the supervision of the financial derivatives. 4.2.1 RISK MANAGEMENT This involve the risk management of the market, the risk management of credit, risk management of liquidity, risk management of operation and legal risk management. Risk management of market; this is refer to as the loss in the rise and fall of interest rates, exchange rate and stock prices. Market risk management shows the status of a bank in a market in order to grow the number of frequency and times of the market estimation. Lu wendao (2007), refer this technique of market risk appraisal used in China financial market is to compute the potential of changes in the market price, the exposure of risk and to grow contingency policies in order to enable the right of assessment and to accept the changes in the market. Risk management of credit; The risk management of credit failure is to implement derivatives agreements or breach of contract of financial derivatives credit risk which means when the financial institutions such as banks decide to emulate a transaction which is in agreement with certain regulations. It is recommended that bank should focus more on risk diversification rather than avoiding more concentration of transactions. The risk management of liquidity; Xu and Peng (2007), management of liquidity risk is the non existence of depth of market or changes in difficulties which might lead to risk of exposing positions. It is also the absence of liquidity party which led to the termination of contract which cannot be paid or the risk of more deposit cannot be made due to the consistent fall in market. Bank in liquidity risk management should stay away from all sorts of business within a period of time to reduce the attention of more concentration of transaction which often leads the risk of the gap risk of capital flow. The risk management of operation; Zhou Yunbo (2003), operation risk is the risk of inner control and absence of information system. Operation risk management is precise partition of the trading apartment, balance apartm ent and risk management apartment. This involve the firm to focus more on welfare of their staff, improving the standard of working and when there is a default in the related information system, there should be an instant measure to ensure the normal free flow of information to make sure there is a proper supervision on the risk factors. The legal risk management; this risk is that risk that unable to execute contract or risk that occur due to absence of legal factors in contract. Most financial institution such as banks need to consult the legal adviser for a certain legal document, this is to make sure the transaction of contract is legal. Lu Veandao 2007. 4.2.2 THE CENTER CONTROL OF FINANCIAL MARKET; The principle of center control; the function of senior management; brokers and clients in the use of derivatives ought to be in line with complex approval through the risk and capital management procedure. Those procedure should be functional with different in market situations. Advanced managers ought to study and accept policies for the execution of these policies management at different stage should do the same too. The allocation of responsibility; this is the allocating responsibilities to personnel at different stages in order to avoid errors at the place of work. Risk Management; there is a huge risk in financial derivatives business, it is necessary to ascertain the exact risk management system. It is also necessary to investigate and measure the best alternative to manage the risk. Emergency response; Due to possibilities of market volatility and unpredictable human factors, it is necessary to arrange method to reduce the risk. 4.2.3 OPERATION OF INTERNAL CONTROL Accounting Supervision; the supervision of financial derivatives involves an accurate and effective accounting requirement. Background Control; this involves with creating monitor procedure in background, which deals with control, daily supervision, estimation of market value, forecasting and assessing the risk associated to the study of the counterparty. Internal Audit; financial derivatives businesses are vital to allocate base over a period to supervise the audit and report at the right time. Stop loss control; every business assume by great loss and there is need to discontinue the loss supervision of huge amount of transaction providing extreme daily loss restrictions in surplus of the ceiling. Front control; there is a trading limit control within the bank, financial derivatives businesses restrict the overall amount of self control which involves open positions and the quantity authorised. 4.3 THE FORMATION OF REGULATIONS FOR FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES It is proposed to create the certain regulation organisation in order to develop the supervision of financial derivatives and to ensure that financial derivatives businesses are legal. To also initiate laws on the transaction of financial derivatives, only the creation of legal procedure and a few related laws will make financial derivatives grow. This is necessary to sustain the supervision of the financial derivatives that will prevent the financial market from being disorganised or chaotic. CHAPTER 5 DISCUSSIONS 5.1 THE ANALYSIS OF CHINA FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS USING THE SLEPT METHOD. This research examines the SLEPT analysis method to examine the impact and effect of macroeconomic environment of Chinas financial market. The research will analyse the China financial system in the following order; the Social factor, Legal factor, Economic factor, Political factor, Technological factors. 5.1.1 SOCIAL FACTORS Proportion of the population structure; China as a nation as a huge population, the National Bureau of Statistics of China (2007) stated that the population of China is about 13.15billion in 2006. This is 0.53% increase rate than the previous year (2005) and 9.20% of the population falls within the age range of 65years and above. Fundamentally, the population of China is in a tendency of maturing. The educated Chinese up to the tertiary level and above is about 6.22% with about 8.79% of the population are uneducated. The Chinese citizens standard of living; As stated in the Chinese statistical annual book 2007, assert that the per capita disposable income of the metropolitan residents was 11759 RMB in 2006 and about 12.07% extra in the previous year (2005), the per capital yearly expenditure on the metropolitan residents consumption was 8697 RMB in 2006, about 9.49% extra than the previous year (2005), in the year 2006, the per capita savings deposit became 12293 RMB and additio nal of 13.96% from the previous year (2005), the region of house construction per citizen was 26.1 Sq meter in 2006 and became 28.62 higher than the previous year (2005), in 2006, the regular consumption expenditure per citizens of metropolitan residents in housing increase to 904.19RMB. Investment Enlightenment; Along with the growth of the China economy, the Chinese citizens will probably invest more in securities, the financial derivatives are familiar with the Chinese investment citizens, the citizens focus more on the financial derivatives because of its gain. Most of the firms and organization have also selected the financial derivatives as part of their financial risk management. The stocks in the financial market turn out to be very common in recent Chinese citizens and organizations. 5.1.2 LEGAL ISSUES The Chinese has well disciplined laws for the supervision of financial market. These laws include rules governing the citizens of china, securities rules and provisional measures of settling securities risk. There are numerous laws governing the financial market but there is no exact amount on the China financial derivatives market. 5.1.3 ECONOMIC ISSUES National economic condition; as stated by the National Bureau of Statistics of China (2007), it states that the GDP of China in 2006 was 210871.0 billion RMB. This shows an increase of 14.69% greater than the previous year (2005). In 2006, the occupants consuming expenditure was 80120.5 billion RMB showing about 12.5% rise from the previous year (2005), the occupants expenditure was 15.79% in the overall spending, about 0.16% more than the previous year. Annually, the occupants consumption rate often increases; there was 9.3% more than the previous year (2005). Price Index; as stated in the data of the National Bureau of Statistics of China (2007), in the year 2006, the consumer price index in occupants was 4.6% greater than the previous year (2005) and the house occupier consumer price index was 2.7% greater than the previous year while house owners consumer price index also increase to about 3.7% greater than the previous year (2005). However, there is often a rise in the sale s of housing price index; there was about 5.5% increase in 2006 against the previous year (2005) and in the year 2006, the housing price index was 6.4% greater than the previous year (2005) while there was an increase 4.6% in year 2006 against the previous year (2005) in industrial/office building price index. The rent payment price index was also increased annually; there was an increase of about 1.4% between year 2006 and the previous year (2005). In 2006, the land businesses price index was 5.8% greater than 2005. The consumer price index in 2008 moved up to 6.3% in July from the previous year after moving up by 7.1% in June. Inflation rate; The national bureau of statistics of China states that in early 2006, the inflation rate was 1.9% and later moved up to 2.8% by the end of the same year, it also moved up with a wide margin by end of the following year (2007) to 6.5% and it arrived at the highest level of about 8.7% in February 2008 and there was a fall in the recent times to about 6.3% in July 2008 Interest rate; In the end of the year 2007, China moved its interest rate standard up for sixth time that same year, this is one of the method to control inflation and also to prevent the China economy from collapsing which is refer to as the fourth largest economy. However, there is a reduction in demand deposits rate, this is to inspire the citizens to tie up their cash over a period of time (preferable a longer period) instead of make it available to diverting their cash into securities and property. The bank of China states that the interest rate in August 2008 rose to 2.56%. Exchange Rate; The exchange rate as stated by the Peoples bank of China in 2008, it has sustained the RMB remains fundamentally the same, from the month of June 2008 after an increase of 4.2% and 2.3% within the first quarter of the year and during the second quarter of the same year, it moved up to 0.4% in the 7th month of 2008 which shows the currency is build up to 6.818 0 alongside the US dollar for few months. 5.1.4 POLITICAL FACTORS Political system; the China state council (2007), the political system in China was created and it has been growing through the long-term existence of the Chinese revolution and reforms. The political system accept a multi-party system and the political mentor was headed and controlled by the Communist Party of China (CPC), it is not the same with all other multi-party in the western part of the countries and some countries practises one party system. Chinese political system can be attributed as a socialist political party system and the major structure of Chinas socialist democratic politics. Economic System; Sometimes ago, Chinese economy was practising socialist economy; this is a situation whereby the government own and dictate all production procedure. At the end of the reform which ended 1978, it was close to market economy just after privatization all the state controlled businesses and expose to the western part of the countries. Subsequently, china economy grows better due to the frequent Chinese government reforms. 5.1.5 TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS The technology has come of age and the internet has a positive impact on the financial market, since the internet is very easy to accessible and resourceful, individuals and organisations might possibly trade the financial derivatives via internet. The use of internet for trading not only save time but it is very effective and efficient. The introduction of technology has reduced the problems of the financial market and all the transactions of the financial derivatives such as non existence of regulators on trading activities and lack of adequate information due to the destruction of the financial system. It is important for financial derivatives managers to have a good knowledge of the computer and the supervisory body should take more responsibility on the business of the financial derivatives. Certainly, technology has improved and develops the growth on financial derivatives in Chinas financial market and the world as a whole. 5.2. THE FINANCIAL SYSTEM ANALYSIS The China economy is transforming from the conventional planned economy to the market economy. Temporarily, it has experience similar industrialization procedure as shown in most developing nations. Its objective is to create a self regulating of fiscal oriented financial institutions and also to discover the commercial activities of the financial markets, which will accept sole functions for its excesses and loss and all the various risks involved. China accepts the opposite way to regular reform. During this reform, market-oriented foundation on the contest of the micro-business system has been essentially formed, it is not essential anymore for financial institutions to embrace the state owned businesses; it is no longer necessary that financial systems take up the responsibilities of the financial policy. The financial institutions will have to confront the world competition since China economy operates an open financial market. This brings new ideas and concept to the growth o f chinas financial institutions. The macro economy aspect of the economy shows interest rate and exchange rate have since gain freedom and there is a transformation to the integrated operation from the divided operation. Direct financing has also emerged from the structural perspective after over writing the indirect financing. According to the important changes in the financial market transformation process, in the year 1990, two (2) local stock exchange were created in China known as The Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange and the two stock exchange has grown excellently since their creation. The Southern Tour led by Deng Xiaoping in 1992, experienced a rapid growth in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), an unlawful act of the banking sector which emerge from the few new state government controlled by commercial banks, and the re-appearance of the shanghai stock exchange which became the main financial point of China. The interbank lending and the bond markets were introduced in 1994 and 1997 respectively, in the market, the bank debit and credit card performed brilliantly; subsequently in 1997, the Asian Financial Crisis, financial sector transformation has concentrate on local-owned banks and also pays so much attention to the limitations of NPL. China was admitted into WTO in December 2001, which shows the new beginning of China financial system and this led to the creation of China capital account and adopted a fluctuating exchange rate which is required by WTO, raising context from foreign financial institutions and often and huge measure capital flows appears. In recent years, the RMB foreign exchange rate was announced by the Peoples Bank of China, the RMB rate grow rapidly, subsequently, the China economy is fast growing compare to what it used to experience in the past, the economy is likely to sustained relatively high development. The China financial institutions have the possibilities to attain a speedy development with additi onal implementation of financial institutions transformation. Franklin, Jun Qian (2003), stated that most countries stock markets are bigger than China stock market, this includes the condition of market capitalization and the over-all value traded as part of GDP. The banking system in china is very significant in terms of measurement relative to the stock markets. The banking institution in China is bigger than its financial markets and this supremacy by banks over the market solid and its stock markets are truly relatively more resourceful than the banks when measured with other countries. Thus, Chinas financial is governing by a huge but inefficient banking sector. China is been refer to as a huge developing country; China has appeal to a number of foreign investments, such as FDI, joint ventures etc Chinas FDI inflows are greater than the remaining Asian nations, most developing nations and world as a whole, but the outflows are less compare to this particular sectors. The a ttainment of WTO takes China the low price foreign assets and technology but free assets flows and foreign context and speculation shown risk, crisis in both the banking and foreign exchange/stock market crisis which resulted in a huge in 1997 for the developing economies in Asia. To avoid such crisis, the Chinese government commissioned a number of principles to develop the financial system with the use of both fiscal policy and trade policy changes. (Franklin, Jun Qian 2005). 5.3 THE FEATURES OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES The value of financial derivatives is enslaved to the basic implement; Financial derivatives arise from the conventional financial products, because they appear to derivate they can only be dependent. The worth of financial derivatives is focus to a particular extent of the conventional financial instruments. Since the products arise from the essential instruments, the worth of financial derivatives will focus on the impact of the differences of the essential instruments values, the cost of stock index futures will be focused on the influence of stock index. Warrants will move with the volatility of the share price, it is a distinct feature of financial derivatives and there is a purpose for the hedging role. Financial derivatives responsibilities include the prevention of risk; there is numerous numbers of fresh financial products that arise from financial innovation, which often promote the growth of the entire financial market. Conventional financial instruments are delayed b ehind the recent financial instruments; despite all its functions in the authentic issuance of these financial instruments of firms own financial risk. Furthermore, all financial hazards are joined together in the conventional instruments; it is very hard of decomposition. With the decomposition of financial hazards constrains, the financial derivatives with the assistance of the financial markets transactions can assist in preventing risk so as to accomplish the trade off of the income and risk. The structure of financial derivatives is complex; Assessing the structure of financial derivatives with the fundamentals of financial instruments, the main features of financial derivatives emerge to be very complex due to the fact that financial derivative have problems on the understanding and functions of the options and swaps, this is because of the combination of several technologies which makes financial derivatives more difficult in order for financial derivative to have the diff iculty of the structure. This has led to the planning of financial derivative that requires an improved mathematical procedure, a huge number of policies making by practising the modern scientific procedure and the technology age which can boost the functions of financial markets. It will involve the use on false intelligence and mechanization technology in the growth and structure of financial derivatives. Temporarily, the limitation makes the difficulty on the knowledge of the financial derivatives of the regular investors; this has resulted to incomplete use of financial derivatives by the shareholders. The design of financial derivatives is flexible; Financial derivatives is light structured in the plan and innovation of financial derivative, this is because so many portfolio of the fundamental financial instruments can establishes so many changes financial derivatives. The structure of the financial derivatives can rely on different participants needs therefore the structure of the financial derivatives are very light structure. The financial derivatives possess a leverage function; Most times during the functions of the financial derivatives, it will perform its operation of financial leverage. It can simply manage the financial market. The leverage operation can expand the use of cash and to increase the earnings while the leverage responsibilities of financial derivatives will prevent some big risks. The transaction of financial derivatives is particularly; the exact nature of the financial derivatives trading can be shown in two ways, firstly, the transaction mediators mainly focus in big level investment banks and other financial institutions. This is known as concentricity. Secondly, it is flexible, from the market allocation, it clear that few of the transaction are perform over-the-counter, that is, the user via the core investment banks as mediators to take part in derivatives transaction, the transactions of the financial derivatives are non-standardized, it reveals that financial derivatives are very light in nature. 5.4 INFLUENCES OF FINANCIAL DERIVATIVE IMPACT ON THE CHINA FUTURES MARKET The financial derivative will improve the scope of the future market in china and minimise the risks involve. Lately, the China future market consist only commodity futures while finance future does not exist. This is distantly from foreign future market and not in agreement with requirement of the growth of the future market. The presentation of the financial derivatives will occupy all the spaces in the China futures market; it will accomplish the promises of the financial market. This will leverage the present hazard and decrease the chances of risk; this will attract more shareholders to invest in financial market. Financial derivatives will improve the commodity futures market price and discovery the hedging functions; there are 2 fundamental features of price discovery and hedging in the china commodity future market. The presence of distortions in the bear of the financial and exchange hazards by the traders, in contrast with the prices of the foreign market. The Chinas f utures market price consists of capital and the exchange rate risk superior. From the introduction of financial derivatives market, the capital and exchange risk can be undermined without any effect. This will only bring down the price of trading of the futures market, in order to boost the effectiveness of the commodity future markets. It also assists the chinas commodity futures market to meet up with the global standards and this will reveal the real commodity costs. Financial derivatives will raise the growth of market volume for futures market and widening the design of the investors; In addition to the introduction of financial derivation, the Chinas future markets will turn out to be more ideal and very effective. Currently, despite the high in demand of financial derivatives, this will bring together the sum of the futures market and more shareholders will invest so much in the futures market via the advancement of the risk management of the entire financial market. This will expand the size of the market for futures trading. Financial derivative will increase the level of futures employed; As a result of the distinct features of the financial assets, the businesses that exist in financial derivatives are very complex. Consequently, the beginning of financial derivatives will boost the conditions for the futures industry workers, it develops a huge good standard of the professional and this will boost the growth of the futures industry in the nearest future. CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 CONCLUSION Finally, the financial derivatives are growing rapidly in world financial market and it is necessary to supervise the financial derivatives. There are various factors that influence financial derivatives, regardless of so many benefits from the use of financial derivatives. It often present many risk from the use of the financial derivatives. They are several supervision of the financial derivative which often creates separate results on the financial market. The level of the supervision will automatically control the safety and legal of the financial market. For effective growth of the financial derivatives in the financial market, there is need for more supervision method on the financial derivatives in order to maintain the growth of financial market in the global market. China is fast growing country, the financial derivatives is fresh section in the financial market which has benefitted both the shareholders and the people of China. There are various types of financial derivat ive in the chinas financial market they include; stock index futures, foreign exchange futures, the national debt future, warrant and convertible bonds. However, some of these financial derivatives are barred due to the untidiness they bring to the financial market excluding the stock index futures which is refer to as a proper growth tendency. Generally, the supervision of financial derivatives in China include many functions which include; the risk management which is often refer to as the core section of the financial derivatives which manage all the financial derivatives risk such as legal risk management, liquidity risk management, operation risk management, market risk management, credit risk management. Another function of the financial derivatives is the internal control, this deal with the internal activities of the financial market which also plays a major role in the supervision of the financial derivatives. The introduction of the guidelines for financial derivativ es operations is another function of the financial derivatives which is introduce to provide safety measure for financial derivatives. Subsequently, the SLEPT analysis (Social factors, Legal factors, Economic factors, Political factors and Technological analysis) of the China financial market and environs, which expose the exact level of the China financial market and the fast growth of the China financial market and the economy as a whole. The features of financial derivatives in China are that the worth of financial derivatives is subjected to the fundamental implement; the financial derivatives have the responsibility to shun risk. Financial derivatives are structured to be difficult, the design is also very light and accommodating, the financial derivatives also have the leverage operations and certain trade activities of financial derivatives. With the nature of the financial market and the supervision of financial derivatives, this research analyzed the effect of the financial derivatives impact on the China futures market. It also presents the introduction of financial derivatives which will play a vital role in the organization of Chinese futures market and this will decrease the total risk, the growth of the financial derivatives will develop the functions of the commodity futures market which will directly boost the market price and invent the hedging functions, with the use of financial derivatives this will widening the volume of the futures market and improve the structure of the shareholders, and the trading activities of financial derivatives will increase the level futures employed. 6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS According to the rapid growth of the economic worldwide and financial internalization, the financial derivatives businesses have been very popular in the financial market. There are various methods of supervision of financial derivatives from different countries this attributed to the difficult features of the financial derivatives, although the financial derivatives is in the early stage in china and the financial derivatives cannot be shun. It is proposed that Chinese government could create a combine supervision method. The equal/combination supervision of the financial derivatives is necessary for internal growth; the search for combined supervision system to the regulation is to combine supervision system of organising between the internal structure and co-ordination; an equal supervision system has a defined comparative advantage. It is however recommended that the Chinese financial derivative market should have a standard and homogenous supervision system to protect any poss ibility of risk that may occur in the financial derivatives. 6.3 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY In the course of the research work with relationship with a case study, there are some certain research limitations which include; Lack of data; the research focuses on theoretical analysis and there are no relevant data to back it up such as a presentation on market survey. The research work study the Chinas financial market views, reports and journals and also study the views, reports and journals of financial derivatives used in China. The China supervisory method is basically theoretical and they lack data to support the analysis. There are no recent data to back up all the analysis of Chinas economy. 6.4 SUGGESTION FOR FURTHER STUDY For further study, it is however recommended to rely on certain Examples of limitations; this research work focuses on the findings on the Chinas financial market; some materials were examined about the chinas future market and Chinas financial market. This research work registered most of the financial derivatives used in China but they are no any exact examples this because the collection of the examples are complicated. The research paper examines a number of supervision of the financial derivatives in Chinas financial institutions but there are no samples to analyse the operations of the supervision of the derivatives, all these are the limitations of the research study. Examples on the Chinas financial market, China financial derivatives and the relevant supervision that is been used in China financial derivative. The shareholders and the financial market itself will play a vital role in getting the examples of the financial market and financial derivatives. The research al so recommends that the researcher needs to get recent data that can back up the analysis in order to explain the China economic system perfectly.